{"id":170,"date":"2024-03-25T11:09:12","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T11:09:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/w643\/?p=170"},"modified":"2024-03-28T07:19:39","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T07:19:39","slug":"bai-8-routing-phan-4-route-model-binding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/?p=170","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i 8. Routing – Ph\u1ea7n 4 – Route Model Binding"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c model binding, n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i m\u01a1 h\u1ed3. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng sao, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 high-level l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i nh\u00e9 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Implicit Binding<\/strong> (Binding ng\u1ea7m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>User<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\nRoute<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/users\/{user}<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span> <\/span>$user<\/span>)<\/span> <\/span>{<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>$user<\/span>-><\/span>email<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 n\u00e0y: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t “Eloquent Model” User (App\\Models\\User)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Khi khai b\u00e1o route \/users\/{user}. \u0110\u1ec3 \u00fd value c\u1ee7a parameter “users” \u0111ang c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 user.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Trong callback function, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang type-hint Model App\\Models\\User, v\u00e0 t\u00ean variable l\u00e0 $user<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • L\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00ean variable v\u00e0 t\u00ean value ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • G\u1ec9a s\u1eed b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi route “https:\/\/domain\/users\/1”, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a value c\u1ee7a parameter “users” l\u00e0 1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Khi n\u00e0y model User s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t user c\u00f3 Id = 1<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • V\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 email: $user->email<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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    use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Http<\/span>\\<\/span>Controllers<\/span>\\<\/span>UserController<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\nuse<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>User<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\n\/\/ Route definition...<\/span><\/span>\nRoute<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/users\/{user}<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>UserController<\/span>::<\/span>class<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>show<\/span>'<\/span>])<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\n\/\/ Controller method definition...<\/span><\/span>\npublic<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>show<\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span> <\/span>$user<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>view<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>user.profile<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>'<\/span>user<\/span>'<\/span> <\/span>=><\/span> <\/span>$user<\/span>])<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng controller. Trong h\u00e0m show c\u1ee7a UserController, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang type-hint model User. L\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00ean variable type-hints ($user) ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a parameter segment (\/users\/{user}<\/strong>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Thi tho\u1ea3ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t column kh\u00e1c thay v\u00ec user Id. H\u00e3y xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>Post<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\nRoute<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/posts\/{post:slug}<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>(<\/span>Post<\/span> <\/span>$post<\/span>)<\/span> <\/span>{<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>$post<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cloumn “slug” thay v\u00ec Id, l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 name c\u1ee7a value trong route ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f9ng name c\u1ee7a variable trong type-hints.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    V\u00e0 thi tho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n model lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t column n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (kh\u00e1c cloumn id), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng h\u00e0m getRouteKeyName (vi\u1ebft trong model)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, khi b\u1ea1n khai b\u00e1o route<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>Post<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\nRoute<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/posts\/{post}<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>(<\/span>Post<\/span> <\/span>$post<\/span>)<\/span> <\/span>{<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>$post<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    v\u00e0 trong model b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0m getRouteKeyName<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    \/**<\/span><\/span>\n * Get the route key for the model.<\/span><\/span>\n *\/<\/span><\/span>\npublic<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>getRouteKeyName<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span> <\/span>string<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>slug<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi route: https:\/\/domain\/posts\/slugvalue ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Laravel s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng cloumn “slug” \u0111\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t data thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cloumn Id<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2. Explicit Binding<\/strong> (Binding t\u01b0\u1eddng minh)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra bind model theo c\u00e1ch implicit. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 theo c\u00e1ch Explicit. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai b\u00e1o trong h\u00e0m boot c\u1ee7a AppServiceProvider<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n b\u1ea1n khai b\u00e1o router<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>User<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\nRoute<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/users\/{user}<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>(<\/span>User<\/span> <\/span>$user<\/span>)<\/span> <\/span>{<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>\/\/ ...<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    V\u00e0 khai b\u00e1o model trong h\u00e0m boot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>User<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\nuse<\/span> <\/span>Illuminate<\/span>\\<\/span>Support<\/span>\\<\/span>Facades<\/span>\\<\/span>Route<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\n\/**<\/span><\/span>\n * Bootstrap any application services.<\/span><\/span>\n *\/<\/span><\/span>\npublic<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>boot<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n    Route<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>model<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>user<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>User<\/span>::<\/span>class<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 custom logic th\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    use<\/span> <\/span>App<\/span>\\<\/span>Models<\/span>\\<\/span>User<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\nuse<\/span> <\/span>Illuminate<\/span>\\<\/span>Support<\/span>\\<\/span>Facades<\/span>\\<\/span>Route<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n <\/span><\/span>\n\/**<\/span><\/span>\n * Bootstrap any application services.<\/span><\/span>\n *\/<\/span><\/span>\npublic<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>boot<\/span>()<\/span>:<\/span> <\/span>void<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n    Route<\/span>:<\/span>:<\/span>bind<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>user<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>(<\/span>string<\/span> <\/span>$value<\/span>)<\/span> <\/span>{<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>User<\/span>::<\/span>where<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>$value<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>firstOrFail<\/span>()<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    B\u00e0i n\u00e0y t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9. B\u00e0i sau ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 rate limiting. Ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i th\u00f4i c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c model binding, n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i m\u01a1 h\u1ed3. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng sao, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 high-level l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i nh\u00e9 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. 1. Implicit Binding (Binding ng\u1ea7m) Xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 n\u00e0y: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 2 T\u01b0\u01a1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-laravel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=170"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":181,"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170\/revisions\/181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.hnk90.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}